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重构人才培养逻辑跨越AI时代产教“时间差”_我的网站

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A | 图为2025-2026学年全国青少年劳动技能与智能设计大赛全国总决赛比赛现场。 Nation's modernization drive delivers inclusive benefits to other countries In 2008, as the global financial crisis unfolded, Greece suffered some of the worst fallout. Piraeus Port, the largest seaport in the country, reported a loss of 13 million euros ($15 million), with outdated facilities, scarce vessel calls and frequent dockworker strikes dragging its operations into a deep crisis. During this challenging period, when investors worldwide deemed Greece too risky, a Chinese company stepped forward. China COSCO Shipping secured a concession to operate two of Piraeus' container terminals. Eight years later, in 2016, COSCO acquired a majority stake in the port, officially taking over its management and operations. By bringing in expertise, investment and machinery, the Chinese company successfully breathed new life into the port. Far from replacing local staff, it created thousands of jobs for Greeks. Today, after years of restructuring, Piraeus stands as one of the busiest ports in the Mediterranean. Charalampos Aravantinos-Simonetos, a youth coordinator for international and European affairs in Greece's Syriza party, shared the story of solidarity and cooperation with a roomful of young political leaders from China and Central and Eastern European countries, or CEECs, in June during a forum held in Wuhan, Hubei province. The Chinese approach, he said, stands in stark contrast to those countries that invest solely for their own benefit and show little concern for local communities. The project has helped strengthen bilateral ties and allowed both sides to benefit through economic cooperation, he added. According to Piraeus' financial report, the port achieved record total revenue of 251 million euros in 2025, up 8.6 percent year-on-year. The turnaround of Piraeus Port, far from an isolated story, is a microcosm of the cooperation synergy between China and Central and Eastern European countries under the China-CEEC Cooperation mechanism. Launched in 2012, the mechanism is a trans-regional platform jointly initiated by both sides. Over the past 14 years, the parties have remained committed to the principles of equality, mutual benefit in cooperation, openness and inclusiveness against the backdrop of a fluid international landscape. Today, it has grown into a full-fledged mechanism, with deepening cooperation and a series of outcomes delivering tangible benefits to various parties. In Croatia, the Chinese-built Peljesac Bridge has reduced a three-hour detour to just a few minutes' drive. In Serbia, Chinese investment has revived a century-old steel plant from the brink of closure. In Skopje, the capital of North Macedonia, thousands of citizens commute every day on buses manufactured by Chinese company Yutong Bus. Such projects have "greatly facilitated local travel and daily commutes, injected robust momentum into industrialization and urbanization, and constantly improved people's well-being", said Xiang Yuanzheng, an official with the Chinese Commerce Ministry's European Department. Over the years, bilateral cooperation has moved beyond traditional fields such as mining and logistics into emerging sectors. Contemporary Amperex Technology and other Chinese battery makers have set up plants in Hungary, Slovakia and Poland, while Slovenian pharmaceutical company Krka Group has launched a joint venture with Ningbo Menovo Pharmaceutical in East China's Zhejiang province. From 2012 to 2025, trade between China and the CEECs registered an average annual growth rate of over 8 percent, hitting a record high of 1.09 trillion yuan ($161.5 billion) in 2025. In the first half of this year, two-way trade volume reached 580.1 billion yuan, up 11 percent year-on-year, according to the General Administration of Customs. For Petre Danci, a Romanian who studied at Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing from 2011 to 2018, China's modernization drive delivers inclusive benefits to other countries, an approach he believes is underpinned by the country's deep-rooted commitment to openness, mutual benefit and shared progress. Citing the four great inventions of ancient China — papermaking, printing, the compass and gunpowder — Danci said that none of these transformative innovations changed the world by staying inside China. "They changed the world because they moved, because they were shared, because people who never met the inventors gained access to the tools and used them to build something entirely new," he said. During his years in China, Danci witnessed the country's modernization drive firsthand, epitomized by the rise of China's "new four great inventions" — high-speed rail, mobile payments, bike-sharing and e-commerce. "China does not just invent things; it deploys them at scale, and the results speak for themselves," he said, adding that such technological advancement "is changing the lives of hundreds of millions of people in real time" not just in China, but also in other countries. Drawing a parallel between past and present, Danci noted that just as ancient inventions connected the world through trade routes and shared knowledge, nations today are connected through people-to-people and technological exchanges across borders. "The cooperation between China and CEECs is a clear example of this connection," he said. Across the Eurasian region, this deepening connection has taken tangible shape. Irena Lukajic Korica, an adviser to the Office of the Serb Member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, said her country is among the top recipients of Chinese-backed infrastructure and energy projects in Central and Eastern Europe, with the total value of these projects reaching nearly 2 billion euros. Noting that China's remarkable pace of development — transforming itself into one of the world's leading economies within just a few decades — has won widespread recognition in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Korica said young people in her country embrace the joint pursuit of modernization of China and the CEECs as opportunities for mutual learning, cooperation and shared development. "They believe deeper cooperation can unlock new prospects in areas such as digital transformation, green energy, scientific research, tourism, cultural exchange and entrepreneurship," she said. "Young people across my country are interested in the educational opportunities that China offers," she added, noting that for them, "China is no longer a distant country, but a place where they can study, gain experience and better understand a different culture and development model." Michal Bartek, a member of the Slovak Parliament and deputy governor of Slovakia's Trencin region, said that every time he visits China, he brings back something unique. "China is really inspirational for us," he said. "You have achieved remarkable progress in national development, and I hope to introduce valuable experience to my region." 。资料照片当大模型以月为单位迭代升级，当AI在工业场景的应用持续加速，高校课堂里的教材、教案与人才培养模式，却仍在以学年甚至以四年为周期更新。如何跨越AI时代产教之间的“时间差”？近日，在浙江乌镇举行的2026中国自动化与人工智能教育大会（以下简称“大会”）上，专家学者建言献策，从高校育人与产业实践双重视角，共探协同育人新模式。 技术迭代按下“快进键” “AI时代，无论是知识体系还是产业结构，更新迭代的速度是前所未有的快。我们很难用昨天的教案、今天的教法，去教育明天的人才。”沈阳工业大学副校长孙秋野在大会上的一席话，道出了教育工作者的集体焦虑。

B | 人工智能技术的发展速度，正在超越传统教育体系的响应能力。百度首席技术官王海峰梳理了人工智能技术的演进脉络：从早期依赖人工撰写规则的规则系统阶段，到算法自动学习的统计机器学习阶段，再到一套架构支撑多场景任务的深度学习阶段，直至当前赋能千行百业的大模型时代。“技术的通用性和能力的全面性越来越强。”王海峰说。

C | 然而，与产业界“半年一迭代”的技术节奏相比，教育端的更新显得步履滞后。西安理工大学教授刘丁坦言：“目前的课程体系对AI+自动化的支撑并不完备，不是很成熟。无论是理论基础还是技术手段，都需要重新定义。

D | ” “AI时代，恰恰是知识的获取过于便捷，能力就变得稀缺。”孙秋野指出，当前学校对学生能力的培养仍存不足。中国自动化学会理事长、中国空间技术研究院研究员杨孟飞表示，国家正深入推进“人工智能+教育”行动，教育强国和科技强国建设进入关键阶段，对自动化与人工智能创新人才培养提出更高要求。本届大会旨在搭建起贯通基础教育、高等教育与产业创新的交流平台，积极探索自动化领域聚力人才培育、谋划智能教育长远发展的新路径。大会正式启动自动化学科发展科技树平台，该平台采用“学科树+时间河”的纵横双维架构，以数字化、可视化形式，全景呈现自动化知识体系与学科发展演进脉络。 校企协同面临周期鸿沟 产教融合“签约多、落地少”，是此次大会上校企双方都不避讳的痛点。而阻碍签约转化落地的，恰是一种“周期差”——高校科研需要长周期深耕，企业生存面临短周期压力；人才培养需要十年树木的耐心，技术迭代却要求立竿见影的回报。 “校企合作的核心在于有效协同，而协同的前提是志同道合与人才共育。”华北电力大学副校长房方指出，当前校企合作中，高校多侧重知识产权、学术论文等成果产出，企业则主要依托自身研发能力推动应用落地。如何真正构建双方紧密协同关系，使高校科研成果切实转化为现实生产力、催生新质生产力，是推动产业高质量发展的关键所在。而校企联合人才培养，正是破题之道。中控技术总裁级战略顾问俞海斌道出了企业的诉求：“企业如果和学校一所一所地谈，大家的想法需求都不一样，可能会做很多重复性的工作。希望出台产教融合的能力标准、双向奔赴的机制，大家共同出课题、共同承办赛事，有一个统一的平台，这样可以使产教融合的效率更高。” “产教融合最大的堵点，是缺乏系统规划。”汇川技术联合创始人张卫江直言，“大家都有热情双向奔赴，但奔赴过程中有错位。

E | ”他希望将产教融合打通，将学校和产业联合在一起，让学生在学校学习的过程中，知道未来在社会上有哪些应用，激发学生的积极性，这对学生未来走进企业非常有帮助。

F | 为弥合这一鸿沟，已有高校开始探索新机制。

G | 西安交通大学依托中国西部创新港，与中国移动等企业共建创新联合体，让企业工程师入驻校园，与高校导师共同指导学生。“我们还建设了‘灵境空间’数字化实践平台，将企业真实场景以虚拟化方式沉浸到课堂中。”西安交通大学自动化学院院长杨清宇说，“让企业从人才培养的协从者，转变为双主体之一。” 中国科学技术大学深空探测学院副院长秦家虎呼吁，在合理合规前提下，企业可以向高校脱敏开放真实案例、技术需求与一线工程师经验，让高校对学生的培养更贴近企业的需求。 人才培养逻辑亟待重构 跨越“时间差”“周期差”，归根结底是人才培养逻辑的深层重构。当人工智能可以承担越来越多的知识记忆与常规计算，教育的核心价值正在从“知识传授”转向“能力培养”。谈到“AI+自动化复合型人才最稀缺的三项核心能力”时，俞海斌表示，“面向新领域甚至‘无人区’的创新能力、理论的实际应用落地能力，以及控制、AI与工艺机理的融合能力，这是AI在工业场景落地对人才亟需的三项核心能力。

H | ” 张卫江从汇川技术每年接收的大量应届毕业生中观察到，学生的差距主要体现在三个方面，即逻辑思维能力、解决问题能力、团队协作能力。“在学校里面学了非常多的前沿理论，但到了企业，面对工程技术问题，识别问题就要花费大量时间。” 面对这一现实，高校正在探索走出“知识传授”的惯性。孙秋野介绍，沈阳工业大学倡导学生“接受失败”，甚至成立了“此路不通俱乐部”。

I | “大多数研究是以失败告终的，这是正常现象。但失败是有价值的，至少证明了这条路可以不走，同时也锤炼了学生的抗挫折能力。” 这一理念与大会开幕式上分享的乡村教育故事形成呼应。

J | 黑龙江省富裕县励志民族中学科技副校长刘立军讲述了两名农村学生从观察“农家酱缸防雨”的生活细节出发，发明智能酱缸盖、在赛事打磨中实现学业逆袭的故事。“让他们学着像科学家一样动脑，像工程师一样动手，像艺术家一样涵养审美。”刘立军说，“没有今天小小的酱缸盖，哪有将来的大国工匠？” “未来，孩子需要三个硬能力：身体要好、学习能力要强、善用AI工具；还需要三个软能力：有趣味、有品位、有人情味。”驭势科技联合创始人吴甘沙说，在AI可以生成大量“七八十分作品”的时代，“品位”与“情感”才是让人独一无二的地方。与会代表普遍认为，要推倒“昨天的教案”与“明天的人才”之间的高墙，必须推动知识供给方式、校企合作机制与教育评价体系的全方位变革。正如房方所言：“推倒这堵墙，本质上是打通教育、科技、人才一体化发展的堵点。这需要高校主动走出‘舒适区’，企业需要深度进入‘育人圈’——在AI时代，通过知识供给的迭代、合作机制的重构与评价体系的重塑，让‘明天的人才’从‘昨天的教案’中破壁而出。” 人才培养逻辑的变革，从来不只是高等教育与产业界的双向奔赴，更需要从基础教育阶段就埋下科技创新的种子。大会同期举办的2025-2026学年全国青少年劳动技能与智能设计大赛——智能设计大赛全国总决赛，正是这一理念的延伸。